| Statement | Answer | Explanation | |-----------|--------|--------------| | 1. Single-atom catalysts were first created using platinum nanoparticles. | | Paragraph B says SACs use isolated atoms, not nanoparticles. The first demonstration used platinum atoms, not nanoparticles. | | 2. Mechanochemistry has been universally accepted as reproducible. | False | Paragraph C states critics argue it lacks reproducibility; a 2019 study only partially settled the debate. Not universally accepted. | | 3. Artificial photosynthesis devices currently operate at over 10% efficiency. | False | Paragraph D: “efficiencies remain below 5%.” So 10% is false. | | 4. Machine learning models can perfectly predict stereochemistry. | False | Paragraph E: “it struggles with stereochemistry and novel substrates” – so not perfect. | | 5. The public has always viewed chemistry with enthusiasm. | Not Given | Paragraph F mentions public perception “tainted by pollution” but does not say “always.” No historical data given. | Part 2: Reading Answers – Matching Headings Questions 6–9: Match the correct heading (i–vi) to paragraphs B, C, D, and E.
Paragraph C – Another controversial buzz surrounds “mechanochemistry” – the use of mechanical force to initiate chemical reactions. For over a century, chemists heated mixtures in solvents. Today, ball mills and ultrasonic probes create reactions without solvents, reducing toxic waste. However, critics argue that mechanochemistry lacks reproducibility. A 2019 study in Nature settled part of the debate by introducing in-situ monitoring techniques, showing that mechanical energy produces unique reaction intermediates not seen in solution.
| Paragraph | Heading | Answer | |-----------|---------|--------| | B | ii. The rise of atomic-scale catalysts | | | C | v. Friction as a chemical force – promise and problems | v | | D | i. Sunlight to fuel: hope and hurdles | i | | E | iv. Algorithms entering the lab | iv | a buzz in the world of chemistry reading answers with
Paragraph D – The biggest buzz in popular media, though, has been “artificial photosynthesis.” Researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) have developed devices that mimic leaves, splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using sunlight. The goal is carbon-neutral fuel. While efficiencies remain below 5%, the buzz is justified: if scaled, it could replace fossil fuels. Skeptics note the high cost of rare metal catalysts like iridium, but recent breakthroughs in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer cheaper alternatives.
Paragraph F – So, why does this buzz matter? Public perception of chemistry has long been tainted by pollution and industrial disasters. These new frontiers – green chemistry, computational design, and single-atom efficiency – promise a cleaner, more precise, and more innovative chemical industry. The buzz, therefore, is not just academic excitement; it is a signal of transformation. Questions 1–5: Do the following statements agree with the information in the passage? Write True (statement matches passage), False (statement contradicts passage), Not Given (no information). | False | Paragraph C states critics argue
Use the answers and explanations in this article as a study guide – not just to memorize responses, but to understand why each answer is correct based on evidence in the text. That skill will serve you far beyond a single exam. Need more practice? Re-read the passage and try to write your own True/False/Not Given questions. Then exchange with a study partner. Chemistry may be buzzing, but your reading score can soar in silence.
Paragraph B – One of the loudest buzzes came from the discovery of “single-atom catalysts” (SACs). Traditional catalysts rely on nanoparticles, but SACs isolate individual metal atoms on a support, maximizing efficiency. In 2011, Dr. Qiao’s team first demonstrated platinum atoms on an iron oxide support. The buzz? These SACs exhibited extraordinary activity for carbon monoxide oxidation, previously unattainable with bulk platinum. Chemistry may be buzzing
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