The aftermath of the crackdown was marked by widespread condemnation and a significant shift in China's relations with the rest of the world. The event marked the end of the reform era and the beginning of a more conservative and authoritarian period in Chinese politics.
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As the protests continued, the world began to take notice. International leaders, including U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, urged caution and restraint. The Chinese government, however, was increasingly alarmed by the scale and scope of the protests. The aftermath of the crackdown was marked by